Journy book questions 7-23

7. The transcontinental railroad brought many jobs to America, and the wild west. It made it easier and faster to transport goods and people. It boosted the nation's steel industry and coal industry. It also set up new towns along the railroad. It helped construction and agriculture companies flourish. It helped out ranchers and farmers a lot because they were able to transport crops and cattle.

8. The Chisholm trail led from central Texas to Abilene, Kansas.

9. There were buffalo and other game they weren't used to. It was basically unsettled so it wasn't crowded. It was nice and flat for planting crops. Free land was offered by new laws, and the railroad made it easier and cheaper to get there. There was also the promise of gold out west.

10. They were a very large group of African Americans who moved from the south to settle in Kansas, escaping former slave states.

11. It addressed the lack of rain and moisture in the midwest and western states.

12. There was a mass hunting of buffalo by white people for a few years. They did it to feed the railroad workers and so buffalo wouldn't be in the way. This led the buffalo to near extinction.

13. Oklahoma.

14. He was an Indian leader. He was a chief of the Apache. He led raids against white settlers and he kept attacking them. He escaped them multiple times. He ended up being the last chief to surrender to the whites, holding on long past his contemporaries.

15. It offered farmers education, fellowship, and support. It gave them things such as libraries, social gatherings, and cooperatives.

16. They supported shorter work days, free silver, private companies owning the railroad and telegraph lines, limiting presidency and vice presidency to a single term, secret ballots, and electing senators directly, and a national income tax.

17. People set up boomtowns (like Skagway!) near gold fields as a place for miners to live while they searched for gold. They also set up towns along the railroad to run railway stations for gold and goods and people to pass through.

18. The railroad was able to transport cattle to places they wouldn't have been able to go otherwise. This allowed ranchers to be able to make money off of their cattle by selling them to people in places where there wasn't cattle.

19. The banks were charging them astronomical interest on their loans. The price they could sell their crops for was getting lower and lower, but the price they paid for equipment and seeds and things stayed at the same high place. They were consistently going into debt and being unable to get themelves out until they had to sell their farms or go bankrupt.

20.

• The movement of whites onto Native American lands, and the slaughter of buffalo.

• The United States Army attacked Indians a bunch.

• The Reservation Policy forced Indians into small, unfarmable plots of land.

21. Montana.

22. North.

23. They lived in the Arizona territory.

Don't Know Much About History

1) Why does the author suggest that John Brown had a sense of humor?

· President Buchanan puts a price on Brown’s head set at $250, and Brown jokingly responded with a bounty of $2.50 on Buchanan’s.

2) What was John Brown's plan?

· Brown’s plan was to arm the slaves who would flock to his crusade and establish a black republic in the Appalachians to war against slave holding in the south.

3) Why did John Brown become a symbol?

· He became a symbol for the abolitionist movement and he was caught and put on trial for the cause. Many decided he was a martyr in a just cause.

4) When and why did South Carolina succeed from the Union?

· December of 1860. South Carolina found out that Lincoln would become president so it became the first state to declare its’ secession from the Union.

5) List some of the advantages of the North at the beginning of the war. List some of the advantages of the South at the beginning of the war.

· There were more people in the north, more money and they increased their wartime supplies better then the south.

· The south fought a defensive war, they had a greater martial spirit, they owned their own weapons (rifles) and they had better leaders.

6) List some of the (5) famous battles of the Civil War with a brief description of each.

· Bombarding of fort Sumter – was the battle that officially started the war, lack of supplies causes the fort’s commander to surrender after South Carolina militia forces bombard them.

· First Battle of Bull Run – a confederate victory due to poor union generalship. Fought in Manassas Virginia. About 30,000 soldiers on each side.

· The Seven Days’ battle – June 26^th to July 2^nd in 1862. Lee attacks and drives McClellan from Richmond, which ends the Peninsular Campaign, which very well could have captured Richmond and ended the war.

· Battle of Antietam – bloody and crucial turning point of the h. With Lee offensive stalled, the likelihood of European recognition of the south is reduced, which is what they had hoped for for winning the war.

· Battle of Appomattox Court House – General Robert E. Lee surrenders his army here, in 1865. This is then end of the Civil war.

7) How do you view Lincoln's suspension of "the writ of habeas corpus"?

· I don’t agree with it because it was unconstitutional and it gave generals the right to detain thousands of people if the thought they were a threat to safety.

8) What if Lee's plan had not been found at the battle of Antiem?

· If Lee’s plans weren’t given to McClellan at the battle of Antietam then the Confederacy probably would have won. If the Confederacy hadn’t won this battle then since this was such a big turning point in the war, they may not have actually won the war.

9) What was the reconstruction?

· It is a way to rebuild the south while bringing them into the Union. It would readmit states after they had ratified the thirteenth amendment, abolishing slavery. Parts of the plan included giving up ones beliefs and adopting those beliefs of the north, and accepting the fourteenth amendment, which allowed blacks to vote.

10) Why did the Klu Klux Klan form?

· A group that rebelled against the part of the reconstruction that allowed blacks to be involved in politics. They used political terrorism to frighten blacks as well as white republicans

11) Discuss Andrew Johnson's impeachment.

· He was the fist president to be impeached. Under Article II section 4 of the constitution the president may be impeached if they are convicted of briber, treason or other high crimes. Since Johnson tried to dismiss war secretary Edwin M Stanton, the house impeached him.

Questions 1-22 from Journey Book

1.) To blockade is to close or stop and offensive means on the attack, both are strategies used in the war.

2.) Blockade runners were Confederate ships that would sail in and out of southern ports and the Ironclad was a rebuilt wooden ship covered in thick iron plates used by the south.

3) The Border states were four states (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware) that allowed slavery that remained in the Union accompanied by 20 free states.

4) Habeas Corpus a law that guarantees accused individuals the right to a hearing before being jailed and a draft was a law that required men between the ages of 18 and 35 to serve in the army for three years.

5) 1861-1865

6) They had better leaders, they were fighting a defensive war, they had greater a will to fight.

7) The Union was lead by Abraham Lincoln and the Confederates were lead by Jefferson Davis

8) She was a nurse who became famous for her work with wounded soldiers and is best remembered for organizing the American Red Cross.

9) To prevent supplies from reaching the south and to prevent the south from earning money off the exportation of cotton.

10) It was the Union’s First big win and it became a turning point for them.

11) Lincoln knew that a blow against slavery would make Britain and France less likely to aid the south in the war. He also believed it was important that the president rather than the antislavery republicans in the congress make the decision on putting an end to slavery. So he decided to emancipate, or free, all enslaved African Americans in the south. He announced this plan at such a time that it would not look like it was an act of desperation. Since it applied only to areas that the confederact controlled, it did not actually free anyone. But Lincoln hoped and believed it would give slaves the incentive to run away from their slave owners.

12) In the South men were off fighting in the war and there wasn’t any men left to maintain the crops and fields, so that is was the slaves duty. However in the North the slaves actually fought in the wars.

13) The war not only put them in debt but it was fought on Southern land, so much of their property and land was destroyed during the war.

14) General Lee and his men would be allowed to go home freely and safely as long as they didn’t attack Grant and his men.

15) A West Virginia was formed because there were some who did not support the succession from the Union so they seceded from Virginia and joined the Union.

16) the south used it to transport supplies and in the North it divided the confederate and restricted them from getting or sending supplies.

17) Because no matter what skin color, having the most amount of people on your side in the was is very vital, and it was a war fought for freedom, freedom that African Americans wanted badly.

18) He was a good leader for his men and in return they respected him which helped them work together to get things done. He was also very strategic in planning his attacks.

19)

· Attack on Fort Sumter was fought in 1861 and was the Confederates first attack, and the start of the Civil War.

· Monitor v. Merrimack was fought in 1862, it started a new chapter in naval warfare because it was the first battle fought between two metal ships

· Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1863 and it showed that the people were fighting for the rights of slaves and their freedom.

· Lincoln is reelected in 1864 helped the push for the confederates to rejoin the Union

· Appomattox Court House was fought in 1865 and was the end of the war, resulting in Lee surrendering.

20.) Cemetery ridge

21.) Ewell

22.) Lee, Ewell, Pickett, Longstreet and Hill.