Don't know much about history Part II

1) Why did FDR want to pack the Supreme Court? Did it work? Do you think this was constitutionally correct?

· So they would be in favor the new deal so it could get passed. It didn’t work and it wasn’t really constitutionally correct.

2) What is a theory about Amelia Earhart's death? Why was she important?

· That Japanese shot her down, and there was another one that she ran out of fuel and crashed into the ocean. She was the first female to cross the Atlantic, she was going to go across the world but she didn’t make it. A model of a rugged feminism.

3) What was Lend-Lease?

· America would lend tanks, warplanes, and ships that could be returned in kind after the war. He granted un presidented powers to aid any country whose defense was deemed vital to any defense.

4) Discuss the BATTLE OF BRITAIN.

· It was a 16-week air war, which caused Britain more then 900 planes and thousands of civilian lives, Germany lost 1700 aircrafts. England was about to run out of the cash it needed to keep their defense alive.

5) What were some of the reasons isolationists wanted to stay out of the war?

· They didn’t want the ammunition makers making a large profit.

6) What was the traditional definition of Fascism? Who were the Fascists of Europe in the 30s?

· A military dictatorship built on racist and power for the nationalistic foundations generally with the broad support the business class. They were people who didn’t like other governments. Hitler and Mussolini.

7) Who were the Axis Powers?

· Germany, Japan, and Italy.

8) In what year and month did Japan invade Perking?

· July, 1937.

9) What were the aggressive actions of Germany and Italy before the start of WWII?

· They marched into Austria and Hitler declared Austria re-untied with Germany. And he demanded the Sudeten land in Czechoslovakia and then they took the rest of Czechoslovakia and then he took Poland. And everywhere in Western Europe.

10) What are the two views of Pearl Harbor?

· The first was that FDR was preoccupied with the war in Europe and didn’t want war with Japan. The other one is that he wanted to be in the war and he knew about the attacks and that Japan was going to do something.

11) What does Japan cite as reasons to go to war?

· America stopped giving them oil. And America loaned money to the nationalists in china.

12) What is the date of Pearl Harbor?

· December 7^th, 1941

13) What is the date of D-Day?

· June 6^th, 1944

14) What was the cost of World War II?

· More than 38,000,000 people died. 22 million from Russia, 3.5 million Germans, 1.2 million Japanese a lot were soldiers, 300,000 in the united states.

15) What was the Yalta Conference?

· It was the moping up meeting between Winston Churchill, FDR, and Joseph Stalin. They met in Yalta.

16) What did Stalin demand in return for his agreement to enter the war against Japan?

· The soviets would control Manchuria and Mongolia and would be ceded half a Sakhalin Island and Kurile Islands, off northern Japan; a Soviet occupation zone would be created in Korea; and in the United Nations, a veto power would be given to the major nations, of which the Soviet Union was one, along with the United States, Great Britain, France, and China.

17) What is FDR's legacy?

· He was the indispensable man of his time, which was the Depression and WWII. The new Deal, and the first 100 days. He was a near dictator, he had a lot of power, WPA, NRA

18) Did the U.S. have to drop Atomic weapons on Japan? List the various PROs and CONs to this argument.

· Yes, If they hadn’t they would have had to invade Japan and many American lives would have been lost. It was bad because if they dropped it out of the plane and it didn’t explode then the Japanese resistance would have been a lot less.

19) How did the Cold War start?

· The idea that we have a nuclear bomb and we have it and we are not afraid to loose it, the big stick. And it was the build up of nuclear weapons on each side.

Dont know much about history

1) Name five important books of the 1920s.

· Gatsby, three soldiers, main street, Babbitt, Arrow smith and Elmer gantry

2) What was the first "talkie"? How did it change America?

· The jazz singer, it was a multi million dollar production, and Hollywood became “Hollywood.”

3) Discuss the "Red Scare of 1919".

· It was the idea that anything slightly tainted by socialism was dangerous. So foreigners started being deported.

4) What was the 18th amendment? Why was it enacted? How did it go wrong?

· It prohibited the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxication liquors. It was supposed to be an answer to social instability and moral decline at the beginning of the 21^st century. There were a lot of riots and organized crime skyrocketed. The invention of illegal things such as bath tub gin and moonshine were created to compensate for the decline of legal alcohol which in the end the amendment didn’t stop or end alcoholism and alcohol related deaths because if people wanted a drink they drank.

5) Who were Susan B. Anthony and Alice Paul?

· Together they set up the NWSA, Susan B. Anthony was called the napoleon of women’s rights, and they were women activists. They pushed for reforms in New York and continued to urge the vote for women at the national level; they thought it was just as important as black people being able to vote.

6) What is important about Henry Ford? How did he change America?

· He revolutionized the automobile industry. He perfected the assembly line and the versions of the automobiles. He came out with the first Model T. The American dream of freedom on the open road became a reality.

7) What is important about Charles Lindbergh? How did he symbolize the times?

· He was the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic. It took him 33 hours. He was a symbol of “do anything” American inventiveness.

8) What were "pool operators" and how were they crooked?

· They were schemers. They would make stock prices go up really high and then they would con someone into buying their stocks at a high price and then the stock would go way down and they would take that money and run.

9) How were stocks inflated? How did this cause the crash?

· They got inflated because every one was buying them and then they would borrow money from the brokers who would borrow money from the bank and then they wouldn’t be able to pay them back so then the banks closed which was the crash.

10) What was Black Thursday and Black Tuesday?

· On black Thursday 13 million stocks were sold and then Black Tuesday more than 16 million stocks were sold.

11) What was Hoover's view of Government relief programs?

· That they need to stay out of the problems and they need just let things work themselves out and that hope and good/happy times were around the corner.

12) What was the "Bonus Army"?

· 10,000 veterans went to Washington D.C. because they were supposed to be getting a bonus in a couple years and they wanted it now so they led a riot.

13) What happened during the "Hundred Days"?

· It was the new deal, which was FDR’s attempt to bring the economy back up by making government funded programs that employed the people in order to bring the economy back up.

14) What was the WPA and what did it do?

· Workers progress administration. It was set up for federal construction projects. It also set up artistic projects that employed thousands of musicians, writers and artists.

15) What were Roosevelt's FIRESIDE CHATS and why did they become important?

· It was where FDR did radio broadcasts about what was going on in the government and it made the people feel more secure

Journy book questions 7-23

7. The transcontinental railroad brought many jobs to America, and the wild west. It made it easier and faster to transport goods and people. It boosted the nation's steel industry and coal industry. It also set up new towns along the railroad. It helped construction and agriculture companies flourish. It helped out ranchers and farmers a lot because they were able to transport crops and cattle.

8. The Chisholm trail led from central Texas to Abilene, Kansas.

9. There were buffalo and other game they weren't used to. It was basically unsettled so it wasn't crowded. It was nice and flat for planting crops. Free land was offered by new laws, and the railroad made it easier and cheaper to get there. There was also the promise of gold out west.

10. They were a very large group of African Americans who moved from the south to settle in Kansas, escaping former slave states.

11. It addressed the lack of rain and moisture in the midwest and western states.

12. There was a mass hunting of buffalo by white people for a few years. They did it to feed the railroad workers and so buffalo wouldn't be in the way. This led the buffalo to near extinction.

13. Oklahoma.

14. He was an Indian leader. He was a chief of the Apache. He led raids against white settlers and he kept attacking them. He escaped them multiple times. He ended up being the last chief to surrender to the whites, holding on long past his contemporaries.

15. It offered farmers education, fellowship, and support. It gave them things such as libraries, social gatherings, and cooperatives.

16. They supported shorter work days, free silver, private companies owning the railroad and telegraph lines, limiting presidency and vice presidency to a single term, secret ballots, and electing senators directly, and a national income tax.

17. People set up boomtowns (like Skagway!) near gold fields as a place for miners to live while they searched for gold. They also set up towns along the railroad to run railway stations for gold and goods and people to pass through.

18. The railroad was able to transport cattle to places they wouldn't have been able to go otherwise. This allowed ranchers to be able to make money off of their cattle by selling them to people in places where there wasn't cattle.

19. The banks were charging them astronomical interest on their loans. The price they could sell their crops for was getting lower and lower, but the price they paid for equipment and seeds and things stayed at the same high place. They were consistently going into debt and being unable to get themelves out until they had to sell their farms or go bankrupt.

20.

• The movement of whites onto Native American lands, and the slaughter of buffalo.

• The United States Army attacked Indians a bunch.

• The Reservation Policy forced Indians into small, unfarmable plots of land.

21. Montana.

22. North.

23. They lived in the Arizona territory.

Don't Know Much About History

1) Why does the author suggest that John Brown had a sense of humor?

· President Buchanan puts a price on Brown’s head set at $250, and Brown jokingly responded with a bounty of $2.50 on Buchanan’s.

2) What was John Brown's plan?

· Brown’s plan was to arm the slaves who would flock to his crusade and establish a black republic in the Appalachians to war against slave holding in the south.

3) Why did John Brown become a symbol?

· He became a symbol for the abolitionist movement and he was caught and put on trial for the cause. Many decided he was a martyr in a just cause.

4) When and why did South Carolina succeed from the Union?

· December of 1860. South Carolina found out that Lincoln would become president so it became the first state to declare its’ secession from the Union.

5) List some of the advantages of the North at the beginning of the war. List some of the advantages of the South at the beginning of the war.

· There were more people in the north, more money and they increased their wartime supplies better then the south.

· The south fought a defensive war, they had a greater martial spirit, they owned their own weapons (rifles) and they had better leaders.

6) List some of the (5) famous battles of the Civil War with a brief description of each.

· Bombarding of fort Sumter – was the battle that officially started the war, lack of supplies causes the fort’s commander to surrender after South Carolina militia forces bombard them.

· First Battle of Bull Run – a confederate victory due to poor union generalship. Fought in Manassas Virginia. About 30,000 soldiers on each side.

· The Seven Days’ battle – June 26^th to July 2^nd in 1862. Lee attacks and drives McClellan from Richmond, which ends the Peninsular Campaign, which very well could have captured Richmond and ended the war.

· Battle of Antietam – bloody and crucial turning point of the h. With Lee offensive stalled, the likelihood of European recognition of the south is reduced, which is what they had hoped for for winning the war.

· Battle of Appomattox Court House – General Robert E. Lee surrenders his army here, in 1865. This is then end of the Civil war.

7) How do you view Lincoln's suspension of "the writ of habeas corpus"?

· I don’t agree with it because it was unconstitutional and it gave generals the right to detain thousands of people if the thought they were a threat to safety.

8) What if Lee's plan had not been found at the battle of Antiem?

· If Lee’s plans weren’t given to McClellan at the battle of Antietam then the Confederacy probably would have won. If the Confederacy hadn’t won this battle then since this was such a big turning point in the war, they may not have actually won the war.

9) What was the reconstruction?

· It is a way to rebuild the south while bringing them into the Union. It would readmit states after they had ratified the thirteenth amendment, abolishing slavery. Parts of the plan included giving up ones beliefs and adopting those beliefs of the north, and accepting the fourteenth amendment, which allowed blacks to vote.

10) Why did the Klu Klux Klan form?

· A group that rebelled against the part of the reconstruction that allowed blacks to be involved in politics. They used political terrorism to frighten blacks as well as white republicans

11) Discuss Andrew Johnson's impeachment.

· He was the fist president to be impeached. Under Article II section 4 of the constitution the president may be impeached if they are convicted of briber, treason or other high crimes. Since Johnson tried to dismiss war secretary Edwin M Stanton, the house impeached him.

Questions 1-22 from Journey Book

1.) To blockade is to close or stop and offensive means on the attack, both are strategies used in the war.

2.) Blockade runners were Confederate ships that would sail in and out of southern ports and the Ironclad was a rebuilt wooden ship covered in thick iron plates used by the south.

3) The Border states were four states (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware) that allowed slavery that remained in the Union accompanied by 20 free states.

4) Habeas Corpus a law that guarantees accused individuals the right to a hearing before being jailed and a draft was a law that required men between the ages of 18 and 35 to serve in the army for three years.

5) 1861-1865

6) They had better leaders, they were fighting a defensive war, they had greater a will to fight.

7) The Union was lead by Abraham Lincoln and the Confederates were lead by Jefferson Davis

8) She was a nurse who became famous for her work with wounded soldiers and is best remembered for organizing the American Red Cross.

9) To prevent supplies from reaching the south and to prevent the south from earning money off the exportation of cotton.

10) It was the Union’s First big win and it became a turning point for them.

11) Lincoln knew that a blow against slavery would make Britain and France less likely to aid the south in the war. He also believed it was important that the president rather than the antislavery republicans in the congress make the decision on putting an end to slavery. So he decided to emancipate, or free, all enslaved African Americans in the south. He announced this plan at such a time that it would not look like it was an act of desperation. Since it applied only to areas that the confederact controlled, it did not actually free anyone. But Lincoln hoped and believed it would give slaves the incentive to run away from their slave owners.

12) In the South men were off fighting in the war and there wasn’t any men left to maintain the crops and fields, so that is was the slaves duty. However in the North the slaves actually fought in the wars.

13) The war not only put them in debt but it was fought on Southern land, so much of their property and land was destroyed during the war.

14) General Lee and his men would be allowed to go home freely and safely as long as they didn’t attack Grant and his men.

15) A West Virginia was formed because there were some who did not support the succession from the Union so they seceded from Virginia and joined the Union.

16) the south used it to transport supplies and in the North it divided the confederate and restricted them from getting or sending supplies.

17) Because no matter what skin color, having the most amount of people on your side in the was is very vital, and it was a war fought for freedom, freedom that African Americans wanted badly.

18) He was a good leader for his men and in return they respected him which helped them work together to get things done. He was also very strategic in planning his attacks.

19)

· Attack on Fort Sumter was fought in 1861 and was the Confederates first attack, and the start of the Civil War.

· Monitor v. Merrimack was fought in 1862, it started a new chapter in naval warfare because it was the first battle fought between two metal ships

· Emancipation Proclamation was issued in 1863 and it showed that the people were fighting for the rights of slaves and their freedom.

· Lincoln is reelected in 1864 helped the push for the confederates to rejoin the Union

· Appomattox Court House was fought in 1865 and was the end of the war, resulting in Lee surrendering.

20.) Cemetery ridge

21.) Ewell

22.) Lee, Ewell, Pickett, Longstreet and Hill.

Study Questions for Manifest Destiny

1)What was Manifest Destiny?
The idea that the United States was meant to extend its borders from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean

2) The Oregon Territory consisted of what area? Who claimed it?
Giant area that lay between the Pacific Ocean and the rocky Mountains north of California. Included all of what is now oreagon, Washington and Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming. Who claimed it? United States, Great Britain, Spain and Russia.

3) Who were the Mountain Men?
People who spent most of their time in the Rocky Mountians. Made their living by trapping Beaver and trade fur. Many had Native American wives and adopted the Native American Ways. They lived in buffalo-skin lodges and dressed in fringed buckskin pants, moccasins and beads.

4) Why was the Oregon Trail important?
It provided a passage for the settlers moving west. Start of the Great Migration.

5) Discuss the meaning behind the slogan "Fifty-Four Forty or Fight"?
reffered to the line of latitude that Democrats believed should be the nation’s northern border in Oregon. Get/fight for Oregon.

6) James Polk made what promises to the American public during the election
of 1844 (list four - you might need to look up on the internet).
He supported American clams for sole ownership of Oregon.

7) Discuss how Texas became independent.
The U.S. Texasn banned together with volunteers and they fought and they liberated San Antonio.
March 2 1836 they declared their independence. They formed a Declaration of Independence. Santa Anna recognized their independence on March 14.
Extra: Their was more Americans in Texas then Mexicans who hadn’t adopted their ways so Mexico issued a Decree, which stopped more Americans from settling in Texas anymore.

8) Discuss the battles of The Alamo and San Jacinto.
Alamo was a small Texan force barricaded inside a nearby mission. They were low on gun powder and they had 180 men to their thousands but they stood their ground.
San Jacinto – Sam Houston marched his army to a camp of Mexican army. He captured some of the men including Santa Anna
Texas thinks very highly of itself and it did win the war of its independence from another country.

9) How long did it take the U.S. to annex Texas? Why?
It took about 9 years, because the United States had to agree to bring in a slave state. And because there would be an unbalance of slaves states.

10) How did the Mexican-American War start? Why did it start? Was it a "Just War"? American settlement in the southwest led to conflict with Mexico. Fulfilling manifest destiny, and possession would guarantee that the united States had a clear passage to the Pacific Ocean – an important consideration because the British still occupied part of Oregon.
Was it Just? No because they had no right to take it, Mexico declined their request so they took it by force.

11) What was the American response to the war?
The north didn’t like it, the democrats wanted it though.
First – American troops would drive Mexican forces out of the disputed border region in Texas and make the border secure.
Second – the United States would seize New Mexico and California
Third – American forces would take Mexico City, Capital of Mexico

12) List the major battles of the war.
Mexico city – ends the war
Monterrey
Santa Fe
Buena Vista
Bear Flag Revolt

13) What was the cost of the war?
The war cost the United States nearly $100 million to fight them and $25 million for their land, and Mexico lost half its territory.

14) Why was the California Gold Rush important?
The lure of gold and the promise of religious freedom drew many settlers westward.


PG 380 6-10, 13-15

6) That they would coexist.

7) He didn’t want an unbalance of slave and no slave states.

8) They would have access to the Pacific and we would be bordered by ocean and not another country.
9) We wanted their land and they didn’t agree to our buying.

10) They could charge whatever they wanted to the miners.

13) It gave us a lot more land, new Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Colorado and Utah.

14) They didn’t like it.

15) We took over the southwest and with the Oregon Trail we coexisted.

(28) Constitution questions

1) Discuss the significance of Thomas Jefferson's quote: "A little rebellion now and then is a good thing...God forbid that we should ever be twenty year without such a rebellion...The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots and tyrants."

• He saw the importance of keeping the government from taking too much power. Because the people in power are scared of making everyone else angry and starting a rebellion.

2) Why did Shay's Rebellion happen?

• Happened because the new government was taking away he rights of the farmers. They were being sent to court and jail and they were getting their land taken away

3) The constitution is "a political creation, hammered together in a series of artfully negotiated compromises. Discuss these compromises.

• Two house legislature

• Three-fifths compromise – a slave counted as three-fifths of a person

• Slave trade – they band the slave trade and the northerners agreed that they the congress could not interfere with the southern slave trade until 1808

• George Mason proposed the bill of rights to be included in the constitution.

4) What was the Virginia Plan?

• Drafted by James Madison. Becomes the Constitution but there were compromises for it.

5) "No person held in service" was a euphemism for what?

• slaves

6) List the basic Powers and Checks of the three branches of the government.

Executive Powers

· Approves or vetoes federal bills

· Carries out federal laws

· Appoints judges and other high officials

· Makes foreign treaties

· Can grant pardons and reprieves to federal offenders

· Acts as commander-in-chief of armed forces

Legislative Powers

· Passes federal laws

· Establishes lower federal courts and the number of federal judges

· Can override the president’s veto with two-thirds vote

Judicial Powers

· Interprets and applies the law by trying federal cases

· Can declare laws passed by congress and executive actions unconstitutional.

#2

Checks on Executive Powers

· Congress can override vetoes by two-thirds vote

· Senate can refuse to confirm appointments or ratify treaties

· Congress can impeach and remove the President

· Congress can declare war

· Supreme court can declare executive acts unconstitutional

Checks on Legislative Powers

· Presidential veto of federal bills

· Supreme court can rule laws unconstitutional

· Both houses of congress must vote to pass laws checking power with legislature

Checks on Judicial Powers

· Congress can propose constitutional amendments to overturn judicial decisions

· Congress can impeach and remove federal judges

· President appoints judges

7) Who wrote the Federalist Papers and why did they write them?

• James Madison

• Alexander Hamilton

• John Jay

They wrote them to state there side about wanting a central government. They were backing up the ratification of the constitution. It was a debate

8) Briefly outline the first ten amendments.

• Freedom of Speech, press, religion and petition

• Right to keep and bear arms

• Conditions for quarters of soldiers

• Right of search and seizure regulated

• Provisions concerning prosecution

• Right to a speedy trial, witnesses, etc.

• Right to a trial by jury

• Excessive bail, cruel punishment

• Rule of construction of Constitution

• Rights of the states under Constitution

9) Who could vote in the first election (what parts of the population)?

• White men with land

10) How did Washington D.C. come be located on the banks of the Potomac?

• Because Virginia wanted it there. It is a secret dinner decision between Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton.

11) What did Jay's Treaty do?

• The Jay Treaty increased trade between the countries, and it averted another war —until 1812. It eliminated British control in western posts.

12) What was the "Whiskey Rebellion" and how was it put down?

• The farmers rebelled because

13) Describe the election of 1800? How was it finally resolved?

• It was a tie between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr and it finally went to the House of Representatives.

14) Who was John Marshall?

• Was there for 35 years, he made the supreme court what it is today

15) Why did France sell its North America possessions (the Louisiana territory) to the U.S.?

• After losing Hati, Napolean realizes he needs to worry about affairs in Europe rather than creating colonies and fighting in America

16) What did Lewis and Clark do? Describe their journey?

• They explored the west as ordered by Jefferson and then they left present day Indiana then they headed up Missouri then they went to North Dakota for the winter then they explored the area a little more then when home.

17) How did Hamilton incur the wrath of Aaron Burr? Was he right in what he did? How did the ordeal end?

We made Burr lose his spot as president and as governor, causing a successful political destruction of Burr. Well yes in a sense, challegning Hamilition should have been expected by what he did to burr but burr betraying the United States was not right. Hamiltion was killed and Burr's take over and creat a new empire failed.

18) What was Jefferson's Embargo Act? Why was it unpopular and what was it suppose to do?

the Embargo act prohibited all exports into America as economic retaliation for the British impressment policy and as a means to keep America out of the war. It was very unpopular.

19) What did Tecumseh try and do?

Tried to unite the native groups because he envisioned a vast Indian confederacy strong enouogh to keep the Ohio River as a border between Indians and Whites ( prevent further westward expansion)

20) Describe the Battle of Tippecanoe?

Occured at the junction of the Tippecanoe and Wabash Rivers. The Prophet ordered poorly calculated attack on Harrisons 1000 men. The indians inflicted heavy losses but were eventually pushed back and all of their food stores, their village were destroyed and the prophets claim of invincible magic was shattered

21) Most historians call the War of 1812 a draw. Why?

Both agreed on a truce and neither side lost or gained anything

22) Describe the Battle of New Orleans.

It was a very lopsided war. British suffered more than 2000 dead, while the US casualties were 8 dead and a small number wounded

23) What did the Monroe Doctrine state?

it declared that the United States would not tolerate interventions in the Americas by European nations. or that the US would not interfere with already established colonies or with government sin Europe.

24) What was the Missouri Compromise?

Missiouri would be considered a slave state even though it was north of the slave non slave seperation boundries.

25) How was the election of 1824 decided? Why was it called a "corrupt bargain"?

It went to the house of representatives. it was between andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay. Lots of mudslinging. When John Quincy Adams was elected, Clay was given a position of power which looked like clay dropped to let Adams win so long as he got a position of power. recieved a spot on the presidents cabinet so it looked like a bargon

26) List some of the labels attached to Andrew Jackson.

Trail of Tears, Jacksonian Democracy, Andrew jackson embodied the new American spirit and became the idol of the ambitious jingoistic younger men who called themsleves Democrats ( of the American common man)

27) Was Andrew Jackson an Indian hater? What did the natives call him? What "Indian Wars" did he fight in and what was the outcome? What was his native "policy" as President?

Yes he was, They called him Long Knife. Creek War, which is where he got his reputation as a ruthless indian fighter, first Seminole war, 1812. Unless they adapt the American Culture, we ill kill you our you need to move.

28) How did Jackson come to symbolize the common people?

Andrew jackson embodied the new American spirit and became the idol of the ambitious jingoistic younger men who called themsleves Democrats. Cam from porverty, fought in the revolution, first president from the west.